High thermal and mechanical load capacities. Flow-relevant bending radius Rd:The tubing is bent in the direction of its inherent flection until a 5% flattening of the tubing O.D. occurs. The Rd is then calculated. There is no reduction in the flow rate up until the Rd is reached. Minimum bending radius Rmin:The tubing attached to a movable plate is bent until the deformation results in a kink. The measured value is the minimum bending radius Rmin. This Rmin leads to considerable reductions in flow.